Autor:
Jorge Villaseñor‑Becerra
Paginas: 1-22
Año: 2016
Volumen: Número: Lugar: ISSN:
Abstract: The trade deficit of the USA with its NAFTA partners, Mexico and Canada, increased
since 1994 from 21,991 to 119,257 million dollars in 2013 (UNCOMTRADE, 2015. http://
comtrade.un.org/db), and most of this increase is explained by the growth in the
volume of commerce between Mexico and the USA. Nonetheless, since the mid1990s
Mexico has been experiencing its lowest economic growth rates. By using the
World Input Output Database and the Input–Output Analysis, this paper presents an
estimate of the intra-NAFTA trade flows in terms of value added and its distribution
among both labor and capital; labor by skill level; and content of persons engaged. The
findings show that trade between the NAFTA members is quite different concerning
value added. In 1995 the USA had a trade deficit of 30,351 million dollars with Canada,
of which 6384 million dollars was a surplus in favor of Canada in terms of value added.
Similarly, the same year the USA had a deficit of 4276 million dollars with Mexico that
became a surplus for the latter of 4561 million dollars in terms of value added. For the
following years, until 2011, a similar pattern was observed. The distribution of this value
added between capital and labor compensations tends to favor USA and Canadian
workers, especially middle-skilled labor, and the sector that tends to have the lowest
share is the low-skilled Mexican and Canadian workers. Even more, the average labor
compensations per hour grew less for the three types of Mexican workers.
Keywords: Value added in trade, Income distribution, NAFTA
URL:
http://www.repositorioredgobmet.org.mx/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/2016-Villase%C3%B1or-Becerra-NAFTA-1995-2011.pdf